Cartridge feeding mechanism



April 1956 H. H. SEFRIED u CARTRIDGE FEEDING MECHANISM 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 26, 1950 INVENTOR Harryfi. flfrz'ed E.

ATTORNEY A ril 17, 1956 H. H. SEFRIED u CARTRIDGE FEEDING MECHANISM 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 26, 1950 III M |Li wh t QM mm m \w x g wk b, m QQ m 1 Hl ll l l E g m M l w A I lllllF ll MW Vm \M.\ HIL\I, N mm /A/\..W WNW QM g NM m. 51m Z//// /////A Q W M g u A\\ N\ mm. R MN Harr yHJ'cjrjedH.

ATTORN EY CARTRIDGE FEEDING NIECHANISM Harry H. Sefried II, New Haven, Conn.

Application September 26, 1950, Serial No. 186,751

2 Claims. (Cl. 42-17) This invention relates to firearms and more particularly to improvements thereof constituted by new and useful cartridge feeding means especially adapted for use in repeating firearms. The present improvements facilitate the feeding of cartridges from a tubular magazine through a throat and into alignment with the chamber in the breech end of a barrel in a particularly smooth and efiicient manner and without any appreciable binding, or possible jamming, action.

One object of this invention is to provide in a firearm an improved form cartridge feeding mechanism.

Another object is to provide in a firearm of the repeating type a cartridge feeding mechanism having an improved form of cartridge carrier operatively associated with an improved form of cartridge guiding throat whereby the cartridge being fed into the firearm action will be smoothly and efficiently moved into alignment with the chamber in the breech end of a barrel.

Still another object is to provide in a firearm of the repeating type an improved form of cartridge feeding mechanism comprising cooperating new and useful features and elements in the structure of a bolt, throat and carrier whereby a cartridge may be smoothly and efficiently fed from a tubular magazine into the chamber of a barrel.

A further object is to provide in a firearm an improved cartridge feeding mechanism which will be relatively inexpensive to manufacture, simple in construction, compact, and very efficient and durable in use.

With these and other objects in view, which will appear as the description proceeds, there has been illustrated in the drawings one form in which the novel features, elements, and principles of this invention may be conveniently and practically embodied.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a firearm with certain parts being broken away, the usual stock and forearm being omitted for the sake of clearness;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1 and, by the omission of the breech end of the barrel showing an end view of the cartridge feeding mechanism of this invention;

Figure 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken on the line 33 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is an enlarged broken top plan view of the improved cartridge guiding throat and cartridge carrier elements of this invention;

are shown in another position of their operative move- I ments and, in dotted lines, the cooperating action whereby a cartridge is smoothly and efficiently disposed in alignment with the chamber of the barrel; and

2,741,862 Patented Apr. 17, 1956 Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 7-7 of Figure 6.

Referring now to the drawings wherein like referenc numerals designate like parts, or elements, throughout the several views, the reference numeral 11 denotes a receiver, generally tubular in form, the front end of which may be secured, in any desirable manner, to the breech end 12 of a barrel 13. In the illustrated form, the receiver 11 is pinned to the breech end 12 of the barrel 13 by across pin 14. The barrel 13 has the usual bore 15 and cartridge receiving chamber 16. A tubular magazine 17 is disposed below and extends forwardly along the barrel 13. A cartridge feeding spring 18 acting on a slide 19 constantly urges cartridges disposed in the magazine rearwardly and out of the open rear end of the magazine 17. Cartridges 21, herein shown as being of the rim fire type are urged rearwardly, the nose 22 of each being engaged by the head 23 of a succeeding one, the nose 22 of the last one being engaged by the slide 19. The head 23 of each of the usual rim fire cartridge has a circumferential rim 24 extending outwardly thereabout.

A bolt 25 is provided and is slidable lengthwise in the receiver 11 toward and away from the breech end 12 of the barrel 13 to seat a cartridge 21 in the chamber 16 and to retain it therein until the cartridge is fired by action thereon of a firing pin 26. The firing pin 26 is slidablc in a groove 27 in the upper surfaceof the bolt 25 and is actuated forwardly by a striker 28 urged forwardly by a spring 29 in a well-known manner. The firing pin 26 is retracted by a spring 30, reacting between the firing pin and a pin 31 secured in the bolt 25. The bolt 25 is urged forwardly by a spring 32 in a common and wellknown manner, and is moved rearwardly either manually, by the use of a knob (not shown) on the outer end of a pin 33, or automatically, due to the back pressure developed when the cartridge is fired. A cartridge shell extractor 34 is carried by the bolt 25 and operates in a well-known manner when the bolt is retracted. A trigger 35 connected to a scar 36 releases the striker 28 from the retaining action of the sear 36. The cartridges 21 are fed into the receiver 11 from the magazine 17, through a tubular portion 37 at the forward end of a casing 38, one at a time, to be engaged by the forward end 39 of the bolt 25 to be pressed toward and seated in the chamber 16 in a manner to be described hereinafter.

In this instance, the casing 38 is formed of two substantially similar sheet metal plates riveted together at intervals by rivets 40. At the front of the casing, the plates are formed to provide the tubular portion 37 which enters the rear end of the magazine 17. The plates are then extended upwardly to provide laterally spaced apart side flanges 41 and 42 forming a cartridge throat there between. Diagonal opposing grooves may be struck outwardly of flanges 41 and 42, respectively, as at 43 and 44, to permit the rim of a cartridge to move upwardly therein when the cartridge is engaged and moved forwardly by the bolt 25 in a manner to be described hereinafter. The flange 42 extends upwardly farther than the flange 41-and has an upper edge 42 turned inwardly at the rear portion thereof to form an ejector 45. The breech end 12 of the barrel 13 is slotted. as at 46 and 47 to receive the forward ends of the flanges 41 and 42, respectively, and retain them against possible flaring apart at this point. The rear edges of the flanges 41 and 42 are inclined forwardly and upwardly and opposing lips 48 and 49 are formed thereat and provide rear cartridge guides. The under surface of the forward end of the bolt 25 is slotted lengthwise at 51 and 52 to permit the bolt to slide over the flanges 41 and 42, the ejector 45, and the lips 48 and 49, respectively. A rib 53 extends lengthwise of the bolt 25 between the slots 51 and 52, and a boss 63 is formed on the underside of the bolt 25 at the rear end of the rib '53'for a purpose to be hereinafter disclosed;

The plates constituting the casing 38 are spaced apart to the rear of the tubular portion 37 and beneath the flanges 41=and42to provide a space for -a cartridg e;carrie r or lifter 54 to swing. The carrier 54 is pivoted 'to the casing 38 ,on a pin 55' andis constantly urged upwardly by a spring 56 disposed in opposing vertical grooves-57 formedjin the plates off the casing 3. the spring '56reacting between the underside of the carrier 54 forwardof its pivot 55'and opposing lower flanges 58 provided on the plates of the. Casing 38;

When the bolt 25 is in the fully retracted position shown in Fig. 6', and thecartridge carrier orlif-ter- 54* is inoperative or empty, the forward portion-5Q ofthe carrier is elevated in the cartridgethroat by the spring 56, and a forwardly inclined '-uppei'--edge 61 of the carrier 54- is engaged by the rib '55 at the forward end of the bolt preventing further upward movement of the carrier. Thus, when the carrier 54 '-is emptyand the boltis moved forwardly from the retracted-position shown in Fig. 6 to the closed position shown in'=Fig. 5, the rib 53 of-the bolt, engaging the inclined-upper edge fil ofthe carrier 54 depresses the same to a slight extent, and the boss 63 of the bolt engages an upper cam surface 62 provided on the carrier to further depress the carrier and movethe latter to the position shown in 'Fig. 5.

The carrier 54 is provided-with a 'substantially planar platform surface 64 extending rearwardly from its forward end to, receive a cartridge 21 from the tubularportion 37' of the casing when the boltis closed and the carrier is inthe lower position shown in Fig. 5; A cross slot 65 is formed in the rear end of-the-platform -64, the rear 'wall of the slot '65 extendingupwrdly above-the platform 64 to provide fastop shoulder 6 6 engaging the head 23 of the cartridge 21 fed out of the portion 37013- the casing by the slide 19 and the spring 18, as shown in ;Fig. 51 As the-bolt is moved rearwardly from the position shown in .Fig. -5, the boss 63 disengages-the cam 62 of the carrier, allowing the ;carrier-to-rise in the cart-ridge throat, lifting the cartridge 21 until the latter strikest-he under surface of the rib53 of the bolt. This position of the cartridge is shown in 'dotted'ljnes in Fig. 5. Further upward movement of the carrier and cartridge is pre vented until the rib 53 of the bolt clears-the cartridge as the withdrawal movement of the boltcontinues, As the bolt 2 5;is withdrawn, theforward end of the carrier is permitted to swing'upwardly, seating the body- 21 of the cartridge 21 upon theplat-form 64,'the-slot 65 providing clearancer'or the rirn 24 ofthe cartridge so that-the body 21; oi the cartridge li'e's substantially flush with the platform 64;

As the carrier or lifter SA-rises, a dependjng'l-ug-67 provided on the carrier at the forward endthereo'f-engages the next following cartridge to' prevent the latter from moving rearwardly out off-the portion -37 of the casing until the platform 64 is again'l'owered to receive the following cartridge. =W-hen the rib 53 of the bolt clears the cartridge 21 as explained above, the upward movement of the carrier or lifter and the cartridge is resmned, and the cartridge is moved upwardly ifntil the cartridge reaches the position shown full linesjinFig. 6'. In thisposition, the upper portion of thehead of'th cartridge is engaged by the aforementioned rear-cartridge guides, 48 and '49. As previously stated, the rear car'- ridse uid 48 n are ne torwardly a P- wardly." Therefore, itfwill' l e-understood that, as the cartridgeis lifted-by-carrier or lifter and the cartridge hea e a e t e te r v uide 4 and he r id e moved o a dl A h ar rid e s id d fo atd y bribe r rd 48 an 4.9 thY t r edge Qf' Z Eni Q he ar id wn n ot er wor s h P tiQnB he ar ridse betwe ith body 21* a d th p ri her if heriniz t, i firm snsased. by he. o a d wa let h slot, 5 n the c rr e th positi o t car rid. e e ag 4 shown in full lines in Fig. 6. From the foregoing, it will bra-understood thatthe cartridge is firmly held in. this position and accidental displacement of the same inhibited. Owing to the relationship of the cartridge with 5 respect to the carrier and the rear cartridge guides 48 and 49, dislocation of the cartridge, likely to cause the bolt to jam upon forward movement thereof, is inhibited in a very satisfactory manner,

Forward rnovernentot the bolt 2 5 fro r i the fully retracted position shown in Fig. 6 causes engagement of the front e nd 6219f f l l h l l l 5, With the cartridge head. Owing to the enga emerit between the forward edge of the cartridge rim'aiid the toward-wall of the slot.,65. in the carrier, further tgnward movement of the bolt 25 causes the carrier 54 to be slightly depressed, thereby releasing the forwardedge of the cartridge rim, the posi tion of the cartridge being shown in Fig. 6 in dotted lines. e cartridge is substantially horizontally disposed in this position." T

To facilitate entrance of the cartridge nose 22 into the chamber 16, the breechend of-thebarrel ma y becountersunk as lat-71, the forward; end 39-of the bolt being formed to enter the countersink--71. As the bolt- 25 is .carriedforwardly {front the dotted-line position indicatedin :Fig. 6; the cartridge is' moved forwardly by =the boltandthe cartridge nose'22 is moved into the chamber 16, the cartridge head being guided upwardly to the propereleyatiorifor insertiqfiifito the breech endof the barrel by the diagonal opposing grooves. and 44 formed intthej flanges 41 andf42, respectively. Thus it will be .understood that whenthe bolt 25 is inthefully closed-position, the cartridge'is properly :seated in the chamber .16 and the firearmis in battery.

,When'the bolt is in the closed position, the carrier 54 is once again in lower position to receivethe nextfollowing cartridge from the portion 37 of the casing, and the cartridge feed cycle maybe repeated by the aforementionec l-previously described slidingaction of the bolt.

-While there has been shown and described hereinone form of improved cartridge feeding mechanism :forfireit is'to' be understoodthat the features and principles of this invention'rnay be embodied in other forms without departing from the spirit and essential attributes thereof and 'it'isftherefore desiredthat the form shown be considered 'in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, reference being: had to the claims rather than to the foregoing description toin'dicate thescope of the invention.

,ving thps fully disclosed. the invention, what is clainrec l' new and for which it is desired to obtain Letters Patent, "is:

1. In a firearm, a receiver having aforwardly extending barrel a tubular rnagazinebelow the barrel and extending torwardly therefrom, a bolt slidable in the receiver, an elongated throat-forming member disposed longitudinally in said receiver and having substantially. parallel sideportions, said side portions being provided with upwardly and forwardly inclined opposing'lipsat the rear of-the throat, and an elongated cartr'idge lifter extending forwardly into the throat intermediate said sideportionsand pivoted to said receiver rearwardly of said .lips, said lifter being spring biased torswing upwardly-andrear: wardly forllifting; acartridgoin the throat, said litter-bes-p iqedwitha p anarcartrid e alattarmapd b 2 provided with a rearwardly taping shoulder dispose t ai alas tiais .thsas .e t d i q t tight angles 1 f V the. .qarftt qge h a again id ifis f ng member. to cant the cartridge forwardly ii' i bl that th lqwer aq i Q h w te the if ia atqvea a thsts imq i a s head engages said shoulder, whereby raising of the cartridge nose relatively to the lifter is inhibited.

2. In a firearm, a receiver having a forwardly extendbarrel, a tubular magazine below the barrel and extending forwardly from the receiver, a bolt slidable in the receiver, an elongated throat-forming member disposed longitudinally in said receiver and having substantially parallel side portions, said side portions being provided with opposing upwardly and forwardly inclined lips at the rear of the throat, and an elongated upwardly spring-biased cartridge lifter extending intermediate said side portions longitudinally of said throat-forming member, said lifter being pivoted in said receiver rearwardly of said lips to swing upwardly and rearwardly for lifting a cartridge in said throat, said lifter being provided with a forward planar platform and being slotted at the rear of said platform to provide a rearwardly facing shoulder,

said shoulder extending below said platform and being disposed at right angles thereto, said platform being adapted to receive a cartridge thereon from said magazine to be lifted in said throat, the slot in the lifter receiving the cartridge head during lifting movement of the cartridge,

said lifter at one point in the lifting movement thereof moving the upper portion of the cartridge head against said lips of the throat-forming member to cam the cartridge forwardly on said platform so that the lower portion of the cartridge head engages said shoulder, whereby raising of the cartridge nose relatively to the lifter is inhibited.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

